Safety boundary
Use particle-distribution simulations and supplied data only. No new chemical mixing is required.
Explicit chemistry instruction
Preserve initial and final model conditions.
Count or compare accessible categories/configurations qualitatively.
Use repeated random trials where available to connect probability with multiplicity.
Vocabulary: simulation; multiplicity; probability; accessible state; entropy.
Worked example
If particles can occupy twice as many equivalent cells, the number of possible arrangements grows rapidly.
Guided question
What simulation change increases the number of accessible positional states?
Independent work
- Preserve initial/final settings.
- Record arrangement counts or proxies.
- Compare repeated trials.
- Write one limitation of the simulation.
Investigation / Data Lab
Use a particle-distribution simulation to compare accessible arrangements before and after a process.
Preserve raw data/cards, calculations, pathway comparison, uncertainty, and one revision.
Misconception check
A simulation model illustrates statistical ideas but is not a literal molecular movie.
Formative check
What evidence supports greater entropy in the model?
Reveal response
A greater number of accessible arrangements/probability weight.
Mentor evidence conference
Ask Archaemenes to audit signs, pathway logic, units, and model limits.
Teacher guidance
Foundation: Use simple cell models.
Core: Compare distributions.
Extended: Connect multiplicity with statistical probability.