Explicit physics instruction
Energy shifts between potential-like storage and kinetic energy while total mechanical energy remains constant in the ideal undamped model.
At turning points, kinetic energy is minimum and stored potential energy maximum; at equilibrium, the reverse occurs.
Damping transfers mechanical energy into other forms, reducing amplitude over time.
Core relation: f=1/T; for ideal SHM, restoring force ∝ −displacement.
Worked example
At an ideal oscillator’s maximum displacement, v=0 at that instant, so kinetic energy is minimum while stored energy is maximum.
Guided question
How does damping change amplitude and mechanical energy?
Independent work
- Solve three period/frequency or graph questions.
- Annotate one oscillation graph.
- State one ideal-model limitation.
Misconception check
Greater amplitude does not automatically mean greater frequency in the ideal small-amplitude SHM model.
Formative check
If T doubles, what happens to f?
Reveal response
Frequency halves because f=1/T.
Mentor evidence conference
Ask Archaemenes to audit cycle counting, graph phase, and ideal-model assumptions.
Teacher guidance
Foundation: Calculate T and f.
Core: Interpret SHM graphs and energy shifts.
Extended: Quantify damping or uncertainty from repeated trials.