Explicit physics instruction
This investigation tests continuity and qualitative pressure trends.
Use a virtual flow lab or supplied dataset. Compare area, speed, pressure, and model residuals; do not use improvised pressurized systems.
Preserve raw area/speed/pressure data before calculations and graphing.
Core relation: A₁v₁=A₂v₂; ideal Bernoulli reasoning within stated assumptions.
Worked example
For A ratios 4:2, continuity predicts a speed ratio 1:2. Compare the measured ratio and report percent difference.
Guided question
Which raw variables are required to test continuity?
Independent work
- Solve three continuity/flow calculations.
- State Bernoulli assumptions for one case.
- Identify one viscosity/turbulence limitation.
Investigation / Data Lab
Use a virtual flow lab or supplied dataset. Compare area, speed, pressure, and model residuals; do not use improvised pressurized systems.
Preserve raw area/speed/pressure data, calculations, residuals, uncertainty, and one revision.
Misconception check
Faster flow does not universally mean lower pressure in every real situation; the simple Bernoulli relation has assumptions.
Formative check
If cross-sectional area halves for steady incompressible flow, what happens to average speed?
Reveal response
It doubles.
Mentor evidence conference
Ask Archaemenes to audit continuity assumptions, energy terms, and residual interpretation.
Teacher guidance
Foundation: Apply continuity.
Core: Combine continuity with bounded Bernoulli reasoning.
Extended: Analyze viscosity/turbulence residuals.